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X-WR-CALDESC:Events for Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20150105T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20150105T000000
DTSTAMP:20260619T021241
CREATED:20200922T220045Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005131Z
UID:4295-1420416000-1420416000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Thom Scott-Phillips - The Evolution of Human Communication and Language
DESCRIPTION:Thom Scott-Phillips: Durham UniversityLanguage is arguably humanity’s most distinctive characteristic. What\, exactly\, is language\, and why are we the only species that has it?  In this talk\, based upon my recent book*\, I will argue that the differences between human communication and the communication systems of all other species is probably not a difference of degree\, but rather one of kind. Language is a system made possible by mechanisms of metapsychology\, and expressively powerful by mechanisms of association. Non-human primate communication is most likely the opposite: made possible by mechanisms of association\, and expressively powerful by mechanisms of metapsychology. This conclusion suggests that human communication\, and hence language\, evolved as a by-product of increased social intelligence. As such\, human communication may be best seen\, from an evolutionary perspective\, as a particularly sophisticated form of social cognition: mutually-assisted mindreading and mental manipulation.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/thom-scott-phillips-the-evolution-of-human-communication-and-language/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20150112T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20150112T000000
DTSTAMP:20260619T021241
CREATED:20200922T220045Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005130Z
UID:4296-1421020800-1421020800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Gregory Clark - Nature versus Nurture in the Inheritance of Social Status
DESCRIPTION:Gregory Clark: UC DavisMost work studying the inheritance of aspects of social status across societies suggests two things. The first is that this inheritance is weak. Most social status for people is not determined by inheritance from parents. The second is that the strength of inheritance of status varies markedly across societies\, so that status inheritance must be largely socially determined. In recent work using surnames as a means of measuring status inheritance across as many as twenty generations we show that in practice status inheritance is very strong\, and that it varies surprisingly little across the societies and social systems. In this talk I propose that these surname results are compatible with genetics being the principle determinant of social status in most societies.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/gregory-clark-nature-versus-nurture-in-the-inheritance-of-social-status/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20150126T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20150126T000000
DTSTAMP:20260619T021241
CREATED:20200922T220046Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005130Z
UID:4298-1422230400-1422230400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Henrike Moll - Social Motivation and Cognition in Toddlers: Their Demands of Reciprocity and Affective Anticipations of Others’ Misguided Actions
DESCRIPTION:Henrike Moll: USCHumans are an extraordinarily social species. Their unique way of relating to one another becomes evident very early in ontogeny. In this talk\, I will present two lines of experiments\, both of which exemplify toddlers’ attunement to other persons and their awareness of others’ perceptual and epistemic states. In one line of experiments\, we found that toddlers negate another person’s visibility when her eyes are occluded. Toddlers’ willingness to deny the other’s visibility was positively correlated with their knowledge of the pronoun ‘each other’—suggesting that children who reliably distinguish between reciprocal and individual acts are particularly demanding of reciprocity. In the second line of experiments\, we approached the problem of false belief understanding in a novel way by assessing children’s facial expressions. We found that by the age of 2.5 years\, toddlers affectively express suspense when observing how an agent acts on misguided assumptions. Both lines of experiments demonstrate impressive social motivational and social cognitive facts: Toddlers demand reciprocal perception in face-to-face encounters\, and they are touched and moved when others actions are misguided. The results will be interpreted with a theoretical framework that is inspired by Vygotsky.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/henrike-moll-social-motivation-and-cognition-in-toddlers-their-demands-of-reciprocity-and-affective-anticipations-of-others-misguided-actions/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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