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X-WR-CALDESC:Events for Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151005T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151005T000000
DTSTAMP:20260512T054118
CREATED:20200922T220140Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005128Z
UID:4314-1444003200-1444003200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Dan Franks - The Evolution of a Long Post-Reproductive Lifespan in Killer Whales
DESCRIPTION:Dan Franks: University of YorkWhy females of some species cease ovulation before the end of their natural lifespan is a longstanding evolutionary puzzle. In humans as well as some natural populations of cetaceans and insects\, reproductive aging occurs much faster than somatic aging and females exhibit prolonged post-reproductive lifespans (PRLSs). Determining the mechanisms and functions that underpin PRLSs has proved a significant challenge. Here we bring together both classic and modern hypotheses proposed to explain PRLSs and discuss their application with particular reference to our studies of killer whales. In doing so we highlight the need to consider multiple interacting explanations for the evolution of PRLSs.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/dan-franks-the-evolution-of-a-long-post-reproductive-lifespan-in-killer-whales/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151012T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151012T000000
DTSTAMP:20260512T054118
CREATED:20200922T220219Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005127Z
UID:4330-1444608000-1444608000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Erik Gjesfjeld - Social and Technological Responses to Risk and Uncertainty: A Material Culture Approach
DESCRIPTION:Erik Gjesfjeld: UCLAIn both the past and present\, human populations are consistently presented with unpredictable situations.  Behavioral responses to these situations are often heavily mediated by our degree of knowledge (uncertainty) about the variability in outcomes (risk). Using social network analysis as well as a novel macro-evolutionary method for examining the mode and tempo of evolution\, this research explores changes in material culture diversity in response to increased environmental and economic risk.  Results from this research suggest that social networks can be an important mechanism for reducing hunter-gatherer uncertainty surrounding environmental fluctuations\, but technological innovations do not tend to buffer economic risk\, as is commonly thought.  Overall\, these findings help to highlight some of the misconceptions surrounding risk and support the continued analysis of risk-sensitive adaptations using material culture.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/erik-gjesfjeld-social-and-technological-responses-to-risk-and-uncertainty-a-material-culture-approach/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151019T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151019T000000
DTSTAMP:20260512T054118
CREATED:20200922T220141Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005127Z
UID:4315-1445212800-1445212800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Tim Shields - The Demonstrability of What You Have Not Done (But Could Have) Matters In Trust-based Exchange
DESCRIPTION:Tim Shields: Chapman UniversityWe describe results of a study in trust-based exchange that supports the proposition that humans perceive intention not only through what others do but also through what others choose not to do. Crucial to this proposition is the notion that trust-based exchanges entail decision dilemmas where mutually exclusive goals are traded off and the forgone opportunities produce clues about our intent – affecting others’ reactions. To manipulate the availability of foregone opportunities\, we used two versions of the trust game in a 1×2 between subjects design. In two experimental trust games\, the action space governing trustors’ transfers was manipulated to examine the effects on trustors’ transfers and trustees’ returns. In the “all-or-nothing” game the trustor could transfer either $10 (all) or $0 (nothing)\, while in the “continuous” game the trustor could transfer any amount between $10 and $0. In both games\, the trustee received the tripled transfer and then could return any amount (to trustor). Trustors transferred significantly more in the all-or-nothing game than in the continuous game. However\, higher initial transfers in the all-or-nothing game did not lead to larger returns. To the contrary\, conditional on $10 transfers\, on average trustees returned significantly less in the all-or-nothing game than in the continuous game. Although the all-or-nothing action space results in greater wealth overall\, trustors do not benefit from this increased wealth. These results suggest that the availability of alternative options is paramount in shaping social behaviors.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/tim-shields-the-demonstrability-of-what-you-have-not-done-but-could-have-matters-in-trust-based-exchange/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151026T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20151026T000000
DTSTAMP:20260512T054118
CREATED:20200922T220141Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005127Z
UID:4316-1445817600-1445817600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Debra Martin - CANCELLED -- Ancient Bones\, Ancestral Bodies: Interpretive Approaches to Violence and Behavior
DESCRIPTION:Debra Martin: University of Nevada\, Las VegasViolence (lethal and nonlethal) is often associated with social spheres of influence and power connected to daily life such as subsistence intensification\, specialization\, resources\, climate\, population density\, territorial protection and presence of immigrants\, to name just a few. By using fine-grained biocultural analyses that interrogate trauma data in particular places at particular times in reconstructed archaeological contexts\, a more comprehensive view into the behaviors\, histories and experiences of violence emerges. Moreover\, identifying culturally-specific patterns related to age\, sex\, and social status provide an increasingly complex picture of early small-scale groups. Some forms of ritual violence have restorative and regenerative aspects that strengthen community identity. Other forms of social violence cause rupture and disintegration at the group level. Bioarchaeological data can shed light on the ways that violence becomes part of a given cultural landscape. Viewed in a biocultural context\, evidence of osteological trauma provides rich insights into social relationships and the many ways that violence is embedded within those relationships.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/debra-martin-cancelled-ancient-bones-ancestral-bodies-interpretive-approaches-to-violence-and-behavior/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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