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X-WR-CALDESC:Events for Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171002T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171002T000000
DTSTAMP:20260509T193924
CREATED:20200922T220736Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005120Z
UID:4363-1506902400-1506902400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:William Audeh  - Applying Evolutionary Biology to Make Progress in Cancer Medicine
DESCRIPTION:William Audeh : Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterPrinciples of Evolutionary Biology have been applied to the problem of cancer\, primarily to explain why cancer develops. This approach has focused on intrinsic mutation rates and the stochastic risk of carcinogenesis\, as well as the issue of “mismatch”\, in which the argument is made that cancer arises because the human genome is mismatched and maladapted to the modern environment. What has been lacking until recently\, however\, is the practical application of evolutionary biology to guide the therapy of cancer in a clinically meaningful way. Cancer is understood and managed by clinicians as a clinical disease\, rather than what evolutionary biology more correctly identifies it to be: a diverse population of cells undergoing active micro-evolution\, adapting in response to the selective pressures of therapy and the tissue micro-environment\, like an invasive species. The explosion of genomic information about cancer now allows a different\, biologically-enlightened strategy to guide cancer therapy\, based upon recognized principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics.\nThis is very similar in topic to the talk I gave at Grand Rounds for Darwinian Medicine Month in February\, but will be modified and updated for a non-clinical audience.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/william-audeh-applying-evolutionary-biology-to-make-progress-in-cancer-medicine/
CATEGORIES:2017,Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171009T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171009T000000
DTSTAMP:20260509T193924
CREATED:20200922T220747Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005120Z
UID:4364-1507507200-1507507200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Lauren Schroeder - Skull Diversity Within the Homo Lineage
DESCRIPTION:Lauren Schroeder: University of Toronto Mississauga Our genus is characterized by a significant amount of morphological diversity\, a phenomenon at the heart of the longstanding debate surrounding the origin and evolution of Homo. Recent fossil discoveries from Dmanisi\, Georgia\, Ledi-Geraru\, Ethiopia\, and the Cradle of Humankind in South Africa have expanded the range of morphological variation observed within our genus\, leading to new questions surrounding the mosaic nature of morphological evolution. This presentation explores skull diversity within Homo\, focusing on the possible evolutionary processes that may have driven such a degree of diversification and innovation.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/lauren-schroeder-skull-diversity-within-the-homo-lineage/
CATEGORIES:2017,Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171016T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171016T000000
DTSTAMP:20260509T193924
CREATED:20200922T220748Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005120Z
UID:4366-1508112000-1508112000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Michael Gurven - Do Costs of Reproduction Affect Human Survival?
DESCRIPTION:Michael Gurven: University of California\, Santa BarbaraSex differences in human mortality and health are widely documented in both low and high income countries. Usual explanations focus on differences in intrinsic senescence\, lifestyle\, and health-seeking behaviors.  Another possibility is that costs of reproduction unique to women may alter their physical condition in adulthood relative to men. Additionally\, variability in the intensity of reproductive effort may account for health-related phenotypic differences among women. The underlying logic behind these propositions assumes a simple trade-off given a limited energetic budget where investments in reproductive effort subtract from those affecting maintenance and survival. In this talk\, I develop and explore these ideas by assessing sex differences in adult health and physical condition among small-scale\, natural fertility populations of hunter-gatherers and horticulturalists. I then attempt to uncover the effects of reproductive intensity on women’s health among Tsimane Amerindians – an attempt rife with the usual methodological obstacles due to self-selection and the absence of randomization. I discuss implications in light of social environmental context and declining fertility worldwide.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/michael-gurven-do-costs-of-reproduction-affect-human-survival/
CATEGORIES:2017,Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171023T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171023T000000
DTSTAMP:20260509T193924
CREATED:20200922T220747Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005119Z
UID:4365-1508716800-1508716800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Sarah Mathew - Peer Sanctioning and Cultural Group Selection Promotes Large-Scale Cooperation: Evidence from Kenyan Pastoralists
DESCRIPTION:Sarah Mathew: Arizona State UniversityExplaining why humans cooperate in sizable groups requires detailed knowledge of how people cooperate in politically uncentralized societies. I will present findings from the Turkana\, a politically uncentralized population of pastoralists in Kenya\, which indicate that: a) the Turkana maintain costly large-scale cooperation in warfare through peer sanctioning of free riders; and b) Turkana norms regulating punishment mitigate the second-order free rider problem and promote group-beneficial punitive behavior. Additionally\, with data from 750 individuals drawn from nine clans of four neighboring ethnolinguistic groups\, the Turkana\, Samburu\, Rendille and Borana\, I will show that: a) between-group cultural variation is sufficiently high for cultural group selection to operate; and b) the scale at which cultural variation is maintained can explain the scale at which people cooperate. This suite of patterns indicates that peer sanctioning and cultural group selection in combination played a key role in enabling large-scale cooperation in humans.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/sarah-mathew-peer-sanctioning-and-cultural-group-selection-promotes-large-scale-cooperation-evidence-from-kenyan-pastoralists/
CATEGORIES:2017,Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171030T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20171030T000000
DTSTAMP:20260509T193924
CREATED:20200922T220748Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005119Z
UID:4367-1509321600-1509321600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Darby Saxbe - Hormones\, Sleep\, and Health Over the Transition to Parenthood
DESCRIPTION:Darby Saxbe: University of Southern CaliforniaBecoming a parent is transformative. This talk will review recent research on neuroendocrine and behavioral changes in new parents\, including studies of longitudinal change and within-person linkage in testosterone\, cortisol\, sleep\, and depression in both mothers and fathers.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/darby-saxbe-hormones-sleep-and-health-over-the-transition-to-parenthood/
CATEGORIES:2017,Past Presentation,Presentation
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