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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190304T000000
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DTSTAMP:20260507T205948
CREATED:20200922T221018Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005113Z
UID:4414-1551657600-1551657600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Dan Hruschka - What does it mean to replicate studies in a cultural species?
DESCRIPTION:Dan Hruschka: Arizona State University Replicating a study among our fellow humans requires a researcher to interact with study participants according to protocols that are comparable with previous studies. However\, thanks to humanity’s rich capacity for cultural learning\, it can be challenging to identify what counts as a “comparable protocol” across different human groups. Specifically\, diverse culturally learned capacities\, motivations\, symbolic connections\, and expectations for appropriate social interactions can make some protocols impossible to implement directly across cultures while rendering the results of other “workable” protocols nearly impossible to interpret. I used examples from our work studying the social determinants of giving to illustrate: (1) the extent of this problem\, and (2) how overcoming such challenges can tell us about our tacit models of how humans should think and behave. In this way\, such efforts at translation are not just a methodological exercise\, but can also inform our models of human psychological and behavioral diversity.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/dan-hruschka-what-does-it-mean-to-replicate-studies-in-a-cultural-species/
CATEGORIES:2019,Past Presentation,Presentation
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DTSTAMP:20260507T205948
CREATED:20200922T221018Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005113Z
UID:4415-1552262400-1552262400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Raziel Davison - Evolutionary Retrospectives on the Human Life History Trajectory
DESCRIPTION:Raziel Davison: University of California\, Santa Barbara We investigate human life history evolution by comparing smallscale subsistence societies and chimpanzees to identify the roles that fertility and mortality play in driving population-level fitness differences. We discuss differences in the selection pressures facing individuals of different ages and to make inferences about the trajectory of human life history evolution. Most human populations are growing but post-reproductive survival decouples population growth from lifespan\, with high fertility driving rapid growth in some societies and low fertility balancing longevity to maintain near-stationarity in others. Chimpanzee declines are decoupled from fertility because mortality attrition limits higher potential fertility contributions. Selection pressures suggest that variable child survival likely regulated human population dynamics over evolutionary history and may reflect bet-hedging costs of high fertility\, with quality/quantity trade-offs constraining the evolution of slower life histories. Common stationarity conditions may represent invariant allometry of chimpanzee and human life histories. Among humans\, production and knowledge transfers constituting fitness contributions of post-reproductive adults part the veil of selection to favor long post-reproductive lifespans\, but in chimpanzees transfers\nare limited and reproductive senescence tracks mortality closely.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/raziel-davison-evolutionary-retrospectives-on-the-human-life-history-trajectory/
CATEGORIES:2019,Past Presentation,Presentation
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