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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190506T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190506T000000
DTSTAMP:20260507T185034
CREATED:20200922T221033Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005112Z
UID:4421-1557100800-1557100800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Lee Gettler - The biology of fatherhood in context: Evolutionary origins\, cross-cultural perspectives\, and implications for men’s health
DESCRIPTION:Lee Gettler: University of Notre DameHuman males have a flexible psychobiological capacity to respond to committed parenting with shifts in hormones such as testosterone\, prolactin\, and oxytocin. These findings hint at evolved neuroendocrine capacities that help facilitate refocused priorities as men make the transition into fatherhood. Evolutionarily\, these capacities likely emerged alongside humans’ “slow” life history. Today\, fathers commonly cooperate with mothers to raise children. However\, their involvement and roles are variable\, as they likely were evolutionarily. Thus\, the nature of fathers’ hormonal shifts and their influences on behavior are shaped by the ecologies\, cultural contexts\, and family systems in which those fathering roles find expression. Evolutionary approaches to the biology of fatherhood often focus on the role of hormones\, such as testosterone (T)\, as mechanisms mediating trade offs between competing mating and parenting demands. Meanwhile\, clinical research in industrialized contexts has shown the mental and physical risks that can accompany “low T.” Men in contexts such as the US also experience post-partum depression and commonly have their physical health decline after becoming fathers (e.g. “dad bod”). Few efforts have been made to connect the dots between these sets of findings. Bringing together these perspectives using data from my research in the Philippines\, Congo-Brazzaville\, and the US\, I will explore how men’s hormonal physiology variably responds to parenthood and relates to men’s family behaviors. I will then present recent work on how variation in paternal T relates to men’s risks for depression and chronic disease and will explore these perspectives through the lens of evolutionary medicine\, particularly the idea that the biology of fatherhood may be mismatched to the expression of parenthood for men in some contemporary societies.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/lee-gettler-the-biology-of-fatherhood-in-context-evolutionary-origins-cross-cultural-perspectives-and-implications-for-mens-health/
CATEGORIES:2019,Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190513T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190513T000000
DTSTAMP:20260507T185034
CREATED:20200922T221033Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005112Z
UID:4420-1557705600-1557705600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Brian Wood - Hadza hunter-gatherer movement ecology and the sexual division of labor
DESCRIPTION:Brian Wood: University of California\, Los AngelesHumans think about\, explore\, and use landscapes like no other species\, reflecting our unique biological and cultural adaptations. One of these adaptations\, observed in all hunter-gatherer societies\, is a gendered division of foraging labor. The impacts that gendered economic roles have upon space use is a critical concern for evolutionary accounts of social organization and spatial cognition\, but is not well understood. Behavioral ecology models propose that the rarity and mobility of targeted resources should predict movement patterns\, and that strong gender differences in space use should emerge in a hunting and gathering context\, owing to the different kinds of foods that men and women target. To test these ideas\, I examine space use among the Hadza\, recorded using GPS devices over 2\,078 person-days of observation. In this talk\, I will also present measures of spatial cognition\, and examine correspondences between measures of cognition and spatial behavior.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/brian-wood-hadza-hunter-gatherer-movement-ecology-and-the-sexual-division-of-labor/
CATEGORIES:2019,Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190517T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190517T000000
DTSTAMP:20260507T185034
CREATED:20200922T221038Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005112Z
UID:4427-1558051200-1558051200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:James Liu - Collective Remembering across Generations and across Cultures: Evidence for National Narrative Templates\, Developmental Variants\, and Global Anchors
DESCRIPTION:James Liu: Massey University\, New ZealandWhat is universal\, what is characteristic of national political culture\, and what is regionally influenced in the “living memory” of national history for people around the world? Selected data a reported from a massive multi-generational adult sample (N>27000) collected online in 2018-19\, representative of 42 societies around the world). In responding to the question “Name 3 historic events that have occurred during the lifetime of people you know (or have known) that have had the greatest impact on your country”\, historical foreshortening (i.e.\, nominating very recent events like the last election) was more common than generational differences. World War II was not nearly as dominant as in previous studies where events in world history were nominated\, with 9/11 forming an alternative anchor for living memory in the United States. This passing away of WWII from living memory may weaken the soft power of the United States in other parts of the world. Points of difference between societies were far more salient than the few commonly shared global events\, but there were some structural features shared in the collective remembering of developing societies around the world (e.g.\, from colonization to independence and reform). Prospects for convergence\, divergence\, and mutual friction are discussed\, focusing on the Great Powers of China\, Russia\, the United States; as well as countries in the European Union\, and Islamic societies. \nA new measure of historical consciousness is proposed and used to examine the shape of national historical narratives\, between individuals and across cultures. Degree of historical consciousness may be treated as an individual difference\, consisting of both ability to recall collective events and openness to societal influences like mass media or the state. Different clusters of historical events informed different narratives of national identity within a given country\, and these were systematically associated with important features of political psychology\, like predispositions for prejudice versus for system justification\, and the propensity to trust others and institutions in society. Living memory appears to be temporally malleable\, as it is highly responsive to immediate crises facing society\, but it is also anchored to foundational events spanning three generations.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/james-liu-collective-remembering-across-generations-and-across-cultures-evidence-for-national-narrative-templates-developmental-variants-and-global-anchors/
CATEGORIES:2019,Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190520T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20190520T000000
DTSTAMP:20260507T185034
CREATED:20200922T221038Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005112Z
UID:4425-1558310400-1558310400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Courtney Meehan - The social worlds of infants\, moms\, and microbes
DESCRIPTION:Courtney Meehan: Washington State University Throughout our evolutionary history\, and in much of the world today\, human infancy has been characterized by a host of ancestral traits which include frequent maternal-infant contact\, on-demand breastfeeding\, co-sleeping\, and cooperative breeding. These ancestral characteristics have\, in part\, supported the development of our altricial infants and enabled reproductive success in diverse environments\, despite women’s narrow reproductive window and the costs associated with simultaneously rearing multiple dependent children. Here\, I argue that these ancestral traits also serve as a critical pathway by which mothers and infants communicate\, via microbiota\, about their environment\, priming the infant for the world in which he or she will be reared. Utilizing cross-cultural data on infant’s early environments and human milk composition\, I characterize the diverse caregiving worlds of infants and explore how our early social environments and mothers’ life history characteristics are associated with the human milk microbiome (HMM). Human milk\, once thought to be sterile\, contains a diverse microbial community and as an early and consistent source of bacteria to infants\, it is an important factor in the colonization of the infant gastrointestinal microbiome. Yet\, the origins and role of the HMM are not yet fully understood. Our results identify multiple associations between maternal life history characteristics\, our ancestral caregiving traits\, and the HMM\, providing initial evidence suggesting bi-directional maternal-infant communication during breastfeeding and that human milk composition may be socially-mediated.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/courtney-meehan-the-social-worlds-of-infants-moms-and-microbes/
CATEGORIES:2019,Past Presentation,Presentation
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