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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210405T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210405T133000
DTSTAMP:20260505T123011
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SUMMARY:Nadia Chernyak - Socio-cognitive mechanisms of fairness
DESCRIPTION:Socio-cognitive mechanisms of fairness\nNadia Chernyak\nUC Irvine Department of Cognitive Sciences\nOne of the most critical societal issues is our perpetuation of inequality. One important quandary\, however\, is that humans agree that equality is important\, but continue to endorse and perpetuate existing inequalities. This talk presents some developmental evidence for why this may be the case. In particular\, this talk presents data suggesting that our understanding equality and inequality follow distinct developmental trajectories and are underpinned by separate underlying cognitive mechanisms. The first part of the talk discusses how developing counting skills help enable children’s abilities to engage in equal resource distribution. The second part of the talk shows that at the same time\, counting skills do not help children appreciate and resolve outstanding inequalities. Overall\, the talk points to how cognitive and social influences may jointly impact our abilities to reason about inequality.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/nadia-chernyak-socio-cognitive-mechanisms-of-fairness/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210412T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210412T133000
DTSTAMP:20260505T123011
CREATED:20210403T175419Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210408T214245Z
UID:6193-1618228800-1618234200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Oliver Sng - Rethinking stereotypes: Social perceivers as lay adaptationists
DESCRIPTION:Rethinking stereotypes: Social perceivers as lay adaptationists\nOliver Sng\nDepartment of Psychological Science\, UC Irvine\nIndividuals have evolved to adaptively allocate energy across different life tasks\, such as mating effort\, parenting effort\, and building embodied capital. From various theoretical perspectives (e.g.\, parental investment theory\, life history theory)\, an individual’s biological sex\, current life stage\, and ecological conditions interact to influence how energy is allocated across different tasks. I propose that social perceivers are in fact “lay adaptationists\,” generating predictions about the behavior of others based on another’s sex\, age\, and home ecology. This idea has several implications for thinking about the origin and content of social stereotypes: first\, perceivers hold ecology stereotypes—beliefs about individuals living in more harsh and unpredictable environments as having faster life history strategies. Ecology stereotypes are held by perceivers across societies and demographic groups\, and also underpin certain race stereotypes. Second\, perceivers hold stereotypes of how men and women at different ages are oriented towards mating and parenting goals. Such goal stereotypes may in turn underpin certain gender stereotypes. Finally\, stereotypes exist not just as beliefs about a group’s general traits\, but as beliefs about how a group is likely to behave towards specific others. I introduce this idea of “directed” stereotypes and present relevant evidence. Broadly\, the lay adaptationist perspective provides novel insights to thinking about the nature of social stereotypes and highlights the strategic nature of our stereotypes.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/oliver-sng-rethinking-stereotypes-social-perceivers-as-lay-adaptationists/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210419T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210419T133000
DTSTAMP:20260505T123011
CREATED:20210403T175735Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210516T160356Z
UID:6196-1618833600-1618839000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Celeste Kidd - How to know
DESCRIPTION:How to Know\nCeleste Kidd\nDepartment of Psychology\, UC Berkeley\nThis talk will discuss Kidd’s research about how people come to know what they know. The world is a sea of information too vast for any one person to acquire entirely. How then do people navigate the information overload\, and how do their decisions shape their knowledge and beliefs? In this talk\, Kidd will discuss research from her lab about the core cognitive systems people use to guide their learning about the world—including attention\, curiosity\, and metacognition (thinking about thinking). The talk will discuss the evidence that people play an active role in their own learning\, starting in infancy and continuing through adulthood. Kidd will explain why we are curious about some things but not others\, and how our past experiences and existing knowledge shape our future interests. She will also discuss why people sometimes hold beliefs that are inconsistent with evidence available in the world\, and how we might leverage our knowledge of human curiosity and learning to design systems that better support access to truth and reality. \n 
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/celeste-kidd-how-to-know/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210426T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20210426T133000
DTSTAMP:20260505T123011
CREATED:20210403T181448Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210521T210816Z
UID:6199-1619438400-1619443800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Sheina Lew-Levy - Learning to forage in hunter-gatherer societies
DESCRIPTION:Learning to forage in hunter-gatherer societies\nSheina Lew-Levy\nDepartment of Psychology\, Simon Fraser University & Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies\, Aarhus University\nStudying how contemporary hunter-gatherer children learn to forage can help shed light on the evolution of human cognition\, life history\, and social organization. Still\, our species’ developmental plasticity and socioecological diversity complicates the applicability of single-population findings to our understanding of human evolutionary processes. In this presentation\, I draw upon systematic literature reviews and empirical research with Tanzanian Hadza and Congolese BaYaka hunter-gatherer children and adolescents to outline cross-cultural similarities and differences in contemporary hunter-gatherer children’s learning. I first show how play\, teaching\, participation\, and imitation biases contribute to children’s acquisition of skill and cooperative norms. One striking cross-cultural similarity is the primacy of learning with and from peers in the mixed-sex multi-age playgroup. I argue that peer learning may contribute to more rapid\, and potentially less costly\, knowledge transfers in humans\, and may also lead to the innovation of new social norms and subsistence practices. I discuss the implications of these findings to cumulative cultural evolution. Second\, I outline how cultural beliefs\, ecology\, settlement structure\, and subsistence opportunities contribute to cross-cultural variation in hunter-gatherer children’s economic work and learning. I argue that these contextual factors can help us understand the selection pressures which have shaped our long childhood and the age-graded division of labour. \n 
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/sheina-lew-levy-learning-to-forage-in-hunter-gatherer-societies/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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