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X-WR-CALDESC:Events for Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211101T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211101T133000
DTSTAMP:20260504T105109
CREATED:20211003T163615Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20211118T021147Z
UID:6304-1635768000-1635773400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Cody Ross - Social networks\, network-structured economic games\, and a toolbox for fine-scale\, comparative research
DESCRIPTION:In this talk\, I review challenges of collecting and analyzing human social network data. I first discuss trade-offs between the use of roster-based and name-generator-based tools for studying cooperative networks\, and highlight the potential of roster-based\, network-structured economic games (e.g.\, the RICH economic games introduced by Gervais 2017) to address anthropological questions. I then introduce the DieTryin R package\, and illustrate its improved scalability over roster-based methods. In cases where network data are collected via self-reports\, rather than via experimental games\, reported ties may be seriously biased. Individuals may\, for example\, report making cooperative transfers that did not really occur\, or forget to mention real transfers. Many network-level properties are exquisitely sensitive to these biases\, and there remains a dearth of easily deployed statistical tools that account for them. To address this issue\, I introduce a latent network model\, and associated R package\, STRAND\, that allows one to jointly estimate parameters measuring reporting biases and a latent\, underlying true social network. Finally\, I present a case study in the use of these tools in a study investigating how inequality and perceptions of inequality influence expression of parochialism versus magnanimity in two mutli-ethnic Colombian communities.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/cody-ross-social-networks-network-structured-economic-games-and-a-toolbox-for-fine-scale-comparative-research/
CATEGORIES:2021,Past Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211108T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211108T133000
DTSTAMP:20260504T105109
CREATED:20211003T163656Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20211118T021218Z
UID:6307-1636372800-1636378200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:David Raichlen - Evolutionary links between physical activity and brain health
DESCRIPTION:Recent work suggests physical activity can have important beneficial effects on the aging brain\, however the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. An evolutionary-neuroscience approach may help us better understand these mechanisms and can provide a foundation for developing novel interventions to improve brain aging. Here\, we suggest that\, from an evolutionary perspective\, physical activity mainly occurred during foraging\, which combines aerobic activity with cognitively demanding tasks (e.g.\, spatial navigation and executive cognitive functions). Thus\, mechanisms linked to neuroplasticity\, including hippocampal neurogenesis\, may be triggered by physical activity as a way to enhance cognitive needs during foraging tasks. If correct\, simultaneous physical and cognitive challenges may lead to the strongest brain benefits. Using this evolutionary approach to brain health\, we can form a foundation for novel interventions to improve brain aging today.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/david-raichlen-evolutionary-links-between-physical-activity-and-brain-health/
CATEGORIES:2021,Past Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211115T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211115T120000
DTSTAMP:20260504T105109
CREATED:20211004T170000Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20220102T180246Z
UID:6316-1636977600-1636977600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Melissa Emery Thompson - The Gray Ape: What Can Chimpanzees Tell Us About Human Aging?
DESCRIPTION:Melissa Emery Thompson \nEvolutionary Anthropology\, University of New Mexico \nGiven their close evolutionary relationship to humans and lifespans that can extend into their 60s\, chimpanzees are a uniquely informative comparative model for the evolution of human aging. Here\, I will review early findings of the first focused study of aging in wild chimpanzees. Chimpanzees share key similarities in physiological\, physical\, and social aging with humans\, but they show a remarkable lack of evidence for aging pathologies. This evidence helps support and contextualize recent cross-cultural evidence from humans which suggests that common diseases of aging may be novel products of post-industrial environments.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/melissa-emery-thompson-the-gray-ape-what-can-chimpanzees-tell-us-about-human-aging/
CATEGORIES:2021,Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211122T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211122T133000
DTSTAMP:20260504T105109
CREATED:20211118T014552Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20220102T180221Z
UID:6337-1637582400-1637587800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Bernard Koch - White Supremacist Trees in An Academic Forest: Does Anybody Hear Them?
DESCRIPTION:Bernard Koch\, UCLA Sociology\nIn this paper\, we quantify the enduring legacy of scientific racism both within academia and online. Hereditarian arguments correlating race and IQ have been used to justify regressive social policies since the 1950s\, and this literature remains active within academia today. We characterize a tight collaboration community of authors promoting these arguments within academia over decades\, and show that they are diverse with respect to gender\, age\, race\, and geography. Moreover\, while their papers are cited at lower rates than similar psychology papers\, we find that they have much broader public engagement\, as measured through Google searches\, Reddit\, and other social media platforms. Possible interventions for academics to better contain influential pseudoscience are discussed.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/bernard-koch-white-supremacist-trees-in-an-academic-forest-does-anybody-hear-them/
CATEGORIES:2021,Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211129T120000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20211129T133000
DTSTAMP:20260504T105109
CREATED:20211003T163754Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20220102T180155Z
UID:6310-1638187200-1638192600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Dominic Cram - Cooperation\, health and ageing: lessons from weaver-birds\, meerkats and honeyguides
DESCRIPTION:Cooperation in the natural world can\, at first glance\, appear puzzling: why should an animal cooperate when doing so is costly\, and would benefit a competitor? In this talk\, I will address this question by investigating links between cooperation and animal health using field studies of wild birds and mammals. I will first test whether cooperatively breeding societies (whereby ‘helpers’ forego breeding and instead assist raising others’ young) are maintained because cooperation lightens overall workloads\, improves health\, slows ageing\, and extends lifespans. I will focus on my studies of white-browed sparrow weavers (Plocepasser mahali) and meerkats (Suricata suricatta) in the Kalahari Desert. I will then contrast these findings with inter-species cooperation in greater honeyguides (Indicator indicator) in the Mozambican wilderness. In a remarkable human-wildlife mutualism\, these birds actively call to humans searching for honey and lead them to the location of bees’ nests in return for a beeswax meal. I will explore how this unique case of human- wildlife cooperation is resilient to cheating honeyguides that scrounge a free piece of wax\, and whether honeyguide cooperation is related to variation in individual health. Overall\, these results suggest that cooperation can influence\, and be driven by\, variation in animal health\, but that these effects must be viewed in the light of other ecological and social factors.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/dominic-cram-cooperation-health-and-ageing-lessons-from-weaver-birds-meerkats-and-honeyguides/
CATEGORIES:2021,Past Presentation,Presentation
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