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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040503T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040503T000000
DTSTAMP:20201006T231356Z
CREATED:20200922T213543Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201006T231356Z
UID:3955-1083542400-1083542400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Michael Gurven - Determinants of Time Allocation Across the Lifespan
DESCRIPTION:Michael Gurven: UCSB AnthropologyThis paper lays the groundwork for a theory of time allocation across the life course. It first develops a parametric model of rates of return on time allocated to productive activities as a function of age. The model is based on the idea that strength and skill vary as a function of age\, and that return rates for different activities vary as a function of the combination of strength and skills involved in performing those tasks. The model is then extended to explain time allocation to different activities through the life course from childhood to old age. In addition to age effects on efficiency or productivity\, the model includes danger and mortality risks\, future benefits of learning\, relative efficiencies of different family members and joint execution of tasks\, as inputs into time allocation decisions. We then apply the model to traditional human subsistence patterns. The model predicts that young children would engage most heavily in low strength/low skill activities\, middle-aged adults in high strength/high skill activities\, and older adults in low strength/high skill activities. Data on time allocation and productivity among Machiguenga and Piro forager-horticulturalists of southeastern Peru are used to evaluate the model.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/michael-gurven-determinants-of-time-allocation-across-the-lifespan/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040510T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040510T000000
DTSTAMP:20201006T231356Z
CREATED:20200922T213544Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201006T231356Z
UID:3956-1084147200-1084147200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Shelly Gable - Approaching affiliation and avoiding rejection: A motivational perspective on the formation and maintenance of social bonds
DESCRIPTION:Shelly Gable: UCLA Dept. of PsychologySocial bonds are potent sources of both pleasure and pain; yet despite the precarious balance of interpersonal incentives and threats\, across the life span people are tenaciously motivated to form and maintain strong and stable social bonds. Although myriad evidence supports the existence of a need for relationships\, proportionately little work has investigated the regulatory processes involved in establishing\, maintaining\, and dissolving social bonds from a motivational or goal theory perspective. A critical dimension of motives and goals is their focus. Social motives and goals can be focused on the incentives and desired end-states of relational bonds—approach—or social motives and goals can be focused on the threats and undesired end-states of relational bonds—avoidance. And\, work on motives and goals has shown that the approach/avoidance distinction has important implications for behavior\, affect\, well-being\, and health\, but this research has not focused explicitly on social motives and goals. And\, close relationships research has often targeted either the incentives (e.g.\, intimacy) or the threats (e.g.\, insecurity) associated with social bonds\, but rarely has examined them in tandem. Given that interpersonal relationships present us with both threats and incentives\, research on motives\, goals\, and the regulation of social behavior needs to simultaneously address the approach dimension and the avoidance dimensions of social behavior. In this talk I will present data from several studies in which we test aspects of approach—avoidance model of social motivation in an effort to understand how humans weigh social incentives and threats and how approach and avoidance motivation influence attention\, cognition\, affect\, and behavior in the context of social bonds.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/shelly-gable-approaching-affiliation-and-avoiding-rejection-a-motivational-perspective-on-the-formation-and-maintenance-of-social-bonds/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040517T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040517T000000
DTSTAMP:20201006T231356Z
CREATED:20200922T213545Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201006T231356Z
UID:3957-1084752000-1084752000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Lynn Fairbanks - Adolescent Impulsivity and Adult Male Dominance in\nVervet Monkeys
DESCRIPTION:Lynn Fairbanks: UCLA Neuropsychiatric InstituteAdolescence is characterized by behavioral and physiological changes that prepare individuals for the transition to adulthood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of behavioral\, morphological\, neurobiological and developmental characteristics of adolescent male vervets in predicting later dominance attainment. The results indicated that males that were high in impulsivity as adolescents and low in 5-HIAA prior to introduction were more likely to achieve stable alpha male status one year following introduction. These two factors\, combined with body weight prior\, resulted in correct prediction of rank attainment for 92% (33/36) of the males. Two other factors\, maternal dominance rank and a measure of social anxiety from the Intruder Challenge test\, were not related to adult dominance attainment in this sample. These results provide support for benefits of a high-risk\, high-gain strategy by adolescent and young adult male vervets. They also demonstrated that adolescent impulsivity is age-limited. Males that achieved high rank moderated their behavior as adults\, and no longer scored high in impulsivity relative to their age peers.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/lynn-fairbanks-adolescent-impulsivity-and-adult-male-dominance-invervet-monkeys/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040524T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20040524T000000
DTSTAMP:20201006T231356Z
CREATED:20200922T213548Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201006T231356Z
UID:3963-1085356800-1085356800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Laura Baker - Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior: Genes and Environment
DESCRIPTION:Laura Baker: USC Dept. of PsychologyHuman aggression and antisocial behavior are known to be the product of both social and biological risk factors. What is not yet understood is how environment and genetic factors may mediate the interrelationships among these risk factors and antisocial outcomes. A study of twins and their families provides the ideal opportunity to answer the critical question in this regard: Do measured social and biological variables relate to antisocial development for genetic or environmental reasons? Our ability to develop effective and efficient interventions for antisocial behavior rests critically upon the answer to this question. \nPreliminary results will be presented from the 1st wave of an ongoing longitudinal study of antisocial and aggressive behavior in 600 twin pairs (both male and female)\, aged 9-10 years old during an initial assessment. The study provides the first opportunity to investigate the environmental and genetic underpinnings of important social and biological risk factors for unlawful\, antisocial\, and aggressive behavior in boys and girls on the brink of adolescence. Social risk factors include aspects of the family environment\, such as socio-economic status\, emotional climate\, cohesion\, parental warmth and affection\, parental supervision\, discipline and control. Specific environmental factors for each twin are also studied\, including individual relationships with each family member\, as well as peer-group characteristics. Biological risk factors include psychophysiological indicators of arousal (both electrodermal and cardiovascular channels)\, electrocortical measures of brain activity (using both EEG and ERP measures) as well as neuropsychological and cognitive testing. Both the social and biological risk factors studied will be shown to distinguish between children exhibiting varying levels of aggressive and antisocial behavior. Biometrical analyses of twin similarity for ASB and a selected group of these risk factors will be presented.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/laura-baker-risk-factors-for-antisocial-behavior-genes-and-environment/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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