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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20070108T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20070108T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004840Z
CREATED:20200922T213850Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004840Z
UID:4041-1168214400-1168214400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Rob Boyd - Reciprocity is not sufficient to explain human cooperation
DESCRIPTION:Rob Boyd: UCLA Department of AnthropologyRecent discussions of human cooperation assume that the theory reciprocal altruism provides an established explanation for human cooperation\, and that therefore\, alternative explanations invoking cultural group selection face a burden of proof. In this talk\, I argue that this assumption is not justified. The theory of reciprocal altruism does predict that cooperative behavior among small groups of unrelated individuals will evolve\, but this theory is not supported by most empirical data. The theory of reciprocal altruism also predicts that cooperative behavior is evolutionarily stable\, but also predicts that any other behavior is equally likely to be stable\, and thus does not provide a sufficient explanation for the commonness of large scale human cooperation. I also argue that the theory of cultural group selection is cogent\, and consistent with much empirical data.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/rob-boyd-reciprocity-is-not-sufficient-to-explain-human-cooperation/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20070122T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20070122T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004840Z
CREATED:20200922T213855Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004840Z
UID:4042-1169424000-1169424000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Wendy Saltzman - Endocrinology of Female Reproductive Competition in Cooperatively Breeding Marmoset Monkeys
DESCRIPTION:Wendy Saltzman: UC Riverside Department of BiologyCommon marmosets are cooperatively breeding monkeys that exhibit high female reproductive skew: typically only a single\, dominant female breeds successfully in each social group. Laboratory studies have indicated that reproductive suppression in subordinate females is not aggressively imposed on them by dominant females and is not associated with stress; instead\, it is mediated by a specific\, presumably adaptive neuroendocrine mechanism. Moreover\, subordinate females readily begin to breed under favorable conditions\, such as following introduction of an unrelated male into the group\, and show no impairments in their ability to maintain pregnancy or successfully produce offspring. When two females breed concurrently\, however\, they engage in overt reproductive competition\, with pregnant females commonly killing one another’s infants. In sum\, our findings are consistent with recent manipulation-based models of reproductive skew\, in which reproductive suppression in non-breeders is mediated\, mechanistically\, by self-restraint but has evolved in response to selection – namely\, infanticide – imposed by breeding females.http://www.bec.ucla.edu/papers/Saltzman_1.22.07.pdf
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/wendy-saltzman-endocrinology-of-female-reproductive-competition-in-cooperatively-breeding-marmoset-monkeys/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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