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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081103T000000
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DTSTAMP:20201013T004833Z
CREATED:20200922T214303Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004833Z
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SUMMARY:John Alcock - Why I Am Still a Single-Minded Adaptationist
DESCRIPTION:John Alcock: Arizona State University Department of Life SciencesI will review why I became an adaptationist and continue to believe that the theory of natural selection as amended by W.D. Hamilton supplies us with all we need in order to understand all aspects of animal behavior\, including that of our own species. I will examine the state of the study of animal behavior when I entered the field and the effects of the revolution that occurred around this time thanks to Hamilton and George C. Williams. I will present my take on the challenges to the “adaptationist programme” that have occurred since 1966. These challenges include Gould and Lewontin’s famous attack in the 1970s but also the current attempt to revive group selection led by David S. Wilson and E.O. Wilson. In addition\, I will explain why the cultural evolution approach to human behavior has only limited usefulness. I hope to be still in one piece when I am finished.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/john-alcock-why-i-am-still-a-single-minded-adaptationist/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081110T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081110T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004833Z
CREATED:20200922T214304Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004833Z
UID:4083-1226275200-1226275200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Noah Goldstein - The Constructive\, Destructive\, and Reconstructive Power of Social Norms
DESCRIPTION:Noah Goldstein: UCLA Anderson School of ManagementSocial norms can be powerful drivers of human behavior\, which means that communicators who can properly harness norms hold in their hands a powerful tool for persuasion. If utilized properly\, communicators can effectively convey such norms in ways that motivate individuals to engage in positive\, constructive behaviors that benefit not only those individuals themselves but society as a whole. However\, even thoughtful and well meaning communicators can convey norms ineffectively—or worse\, elicit a negative\, destructive backfire effect that may exacerbate an already unappealing situation. Yet\, even in such instances\, when a certain social norm leads individuals to perform destructive behaviors\, other types of social norms can be employed to mitigate the negative influence of that norm. I will discuss how\, when\, and why different kinds of social norms play constructive\, destructive\, and even reconstructive roles in motivating human behavior.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/noah-goldstein-the-constructive-destructive-and-reconstructive-power-of-social-norms/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081117T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081117T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004833Z
CREATED:20200922T214305Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004833Z
UID:4084-1226880000-1226880000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:John Mikhail - Universal Moral Grammar: Theory\, Evidence\, and Future Research
DESCRIPTION:John Mikhail: Georgetown LawScientists from various disciplines have begun to focus renewed attention on the psychology and biology of human morality.  One research program that has recently gained attention is universal moral grammar (UMG).  UMG seeks to describe the nature and origin of moral knowledge by using concepts and models similar to those used in Chomsky’s program in linguistics.  This approach is thought to provide a fruitful perspective from which to investigate moral competence from computational\, ontogenetic\, behavioral\, physiological\, and phylogenetic perspectives.   In my talk\, I first outline a framework for UMG and describe some of the evidence supporting it.  I then discuss some initial findings of a related study in comparative law that seeks to determine how certain norms\, such as the prohibition of homicide\, are codified and interpreted in several hundred jurisdictions around the world.  The study’s main finding\, the apparent universality or near-universality of specific justifications and excuses\, lends further support to UMG.  It also raises novel questions for cognitive science\, broadly construed\, including neuroethics\, behavioral economics\, evolutionary psychology\, and legal anthropology.http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1163422
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/john-mikhail-universal-moral-grammar-theory-evidence-and-future-research/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081124T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20081124T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004833Z
CREATED:20200922T214307Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004833Z
UID:4085-1227484800-1227484800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Tatsuya Kameda - Emotional Functioning and Socio-Economic Uncertainty: Is "Hikikomori" an Indigenous Cultural Pathology in Japan?
DESCRIPTION:Tatsuya Kameda: Hokkaido University Department of Behavioral ScienceFeeling and expressing emotions appropriately in the right context is an essential component of social behavior.  It has been suggested that emotional functioning has been weakened among contemporary Japanese youth\, who exhibit acute social withdrawal\, a “cultural pathology” known as Hikikomori (Hattori\, 2005; Zielenziger\, 2006).  Assuming that Hikikomori is at least partially caused by socio-economic uncertainties faced by younger generations\, we predicted that the syndrome is not confined to a clinical subpopulation but should be manifested by even undiagnosed youth\, though in moderated form\, as a negative function of their family socio-economic status (SES). Results from an emotion-sampling study – in which participants’ reported their momentary emotional states 12 times per day for one-week during the course of their daily lives – and a laboratory experiment – which measured psycho-physiological responses to emotional stimuli – both supported this prediction.  Implications of these findings for the well-being of youth in well-developed\, post-industrial societies are discussed.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/tatsuya-kameda-emotional-functioning-and-socio-economic-uncertainty-is-hikikomori-an-indigenous-cultural-pathology-in-japan/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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