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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090202T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090202T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004832Z
CREATED:20200922T214322Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004832Z
UID:4090-1233532800-1233532800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Nathan Bailey - Same-sex Mating Behavior and Evolution
DESCRIPTION:Nathan Bailey: UC Riverside Department of BiologySame-sex mating behavior has been extensively documented in non-human animals\, but we still know relatively little about its evolutionary impact.  What evidence exists that same-sex sexual behavior can be adaptive?  Do the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying same-sex mating help explain its ultimate cause and maintenance in populations?  How flexible is it\, and what is the significance of that plasticity?  And can same-sex mating interactions influence the evolutionary dynamics of populations?  My talk will draw upon studies published in the last several years in a wide variety of non-human animals to highlight discoveries addressing the role of same-sex sexual behaviors as agents of evolutionary change.   I will focus on both the evolutionary causes and consequences of same-sex mating behavior.  However\, the bulk of the discussion will be organized around the second theme\, because recent studies suggest that the impact of same-sex mating behavior on population-level processes can be powerful and of considerable importance.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/nathan-bailey-same-sex-mating-behavior-and-evolution/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090209T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090209T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004832Z
CREATED:20200922T214324Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004832Z
UID:4091-1234137600-1234137600@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Robert Boyd - The Evolution of Social Stratification
DESCRIPTION:Robert Boyd: UCLA Department of AnthropologyIn this talk I explain how culturally heritable differences in wealth between social groups can arise and be maintained even when the only adaptive learning process driving cultural evolution increases individuals’ economic gains. The key assumptions are that human populations are structured into groups and that cultural learning is more likely to occur within groups than between groups. Then\, if groups are sufficiently isolated and there are potential gains from specialization and exchange\, stable stratification can sometimes result. This model predicts that stratification is favored by (1) greater surplus production\, (2) more equitable divisions of the surplus among specialists\, (3) greater cultural isolation among subpopulations within a society\, and (4) more weight given to economic success by cultural learners. I will conclude by arguing that this mechanism may explain why there is much more heritable variation among groups within the human species than in other taxa.http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/boyd/HenrichBoydCA0908.pdf
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/robert-boyd-the-evolution-of-social-stratification/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090217T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090217T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004831Z
CREATED:20200922T214326Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004831Z
UID:4092-1234828800-1234828800@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:David Sloan Wilson - Evolving the City: Using Evolutionary Theory to Understand and Improve the Quality of Everyday Life
DESCRIPTION:David Sloan Wilson: SUNY Binghamton Department of Biological\nSciences & Department of AnthropologyEvolutionary theory is rapidly expanding beyond the biological sciences to include all human-related subjects in academia.  Since evolution is fundamentally about organisms in relation to their environment\, basic scientific research needs to focus on people from all walks of life\, as they go about their daily lives. This kind of research is also most relevant for improving the quality of everyday life\, leading to a positive tradeoff between basic and applied science. I will provide an overview of The Binghamton Neighborhood Project\, a unique “whole university/whole city” approach to community-based research from an evolutionary perspective.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/david-sloan-wilson-evolving-the-city-using-evolutionary-theory-to-understand-and-improve-the-quality-of-everyday-life/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090223T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20090223T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T004831Z
CREATED:20200922T214327Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T004831Z
UID:4093-1235347200-1235347200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Daniel Nettle - Why is the Theory of Evolution So Hard to Understand?
DESCRIPTION:Daniel Nettle: Newcastle University Centre for Behaviour and EvolutionEven in the most developed countries\, many people do not accept the theory of evolution as true. Whilst there are cultural and ideological reasons for this\, part of the issue is that evolutionary ideas appear to violate certain intuitive beliefs. Even more interestingly\, recent research has shown that students who do accept evolution quite systematically misunderstand how it works\, tending to endorse species selectionism\, the idea that species are born and die abruptly\, and models of heredity in which useful characteristics are acquired by all members of the species\, not just the progeny of the individuals in which they arise. I will argue that all of these errors arise because in our intuitive cognition about animals\, there is little distinction between the species and the individual. Indeed\, species are seen as a kind of individual\, and individual animals are seen as appearances of the underlying species. This leads people into what Ernst Mayr called typological\, rather than population\, thinking. I report results of a recent study of conceptualisation of evolutionary change amongst undergraduate students\, and argue that a good way of conveying evolutionary ideas is by using human examples\, since our intuitive cognition about humans primarily works at the level of individuals\, their family relationships\, and the ways they are different from other members of their species.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/daniel-nettle-why-is-the-theory-of-evolution-so-hard-to-understand/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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