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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130506T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130506T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T005137Z
CREATED:20200922T215717Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005137Z
UID:4231-1367798400-1367798400@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Bailey House - The ontogeny of population differences in human cooperation
DESCRIPTION:Bailey House: University of California\, Los AngelesOne explanation for the diversity in cooperative behavior across human social groups is that our prosociality is motivated in part by learned cultural beliefs that vary substantially across societies\, and which extend adaptations for cooperation between genetic kin and reciprocal partners. Reframing this idea as a developmental question about how culture shapes the emergence of cooperative behavior throughout human ontogeny\, in this talk I present a series of cross-cultural studies that take a first step towards understanding how population differences in cooperation emerge across human development. In these studies of prosocial behavior\, I explore the origins of population differences among children aged 3-14 years in a number of diverse societies. The results of this work suggest that human prosociality unfolds through a complex interaction between developmental stages\, population membership\, and the personal cost of helping. These results are consistent with models of human cooperation based on evolved cultural beliefs\, but they also point to critical questions that must be addressed in future work.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/bailey-house-the-ontogeny-of-population-differences-in-human-cooperation/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130513T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130513T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T005137Z
CREATED:20200922T215718Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005137Z
UID:4232-1368403200-1368403200@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Claire White  - Evolutionizing Bereavement Research:  Toward an Integrated Account of Human Grief
DESCRIPTION:Claire White : California State University\, NorthridgeGrief is a universal reaction to the loss of a valued relationship partner. Two main evolutionary accounts of grief have been proposed. The first views grief as a by-product of an adaptive separation reaction that functions to aid unification in the temporary loss of a valued relationship partner. The second posits that grief is an adaptation that evolved to cope with the loss of a loved one by changing goals\, signaling to others to enhance social support and reassessing one’s current behaviors\, relationships and priorities. Despite the potential of evolutionary accounts to inform research\, they have not been integrated into mainstream bereavement literature. This state of affairs is in part because evolutionary theories of grief lack theoretical clarity\, empirical predictions and supporting evidence. The aim of this talk is to highlight these weaknesses and to begin to correct for them. The talk is divided into three parts. First\, I critically evaluate the two leading evolutionary theories of grief. Second\, I analyze the goodness-of-fit between the predictions generated from these two contrasting approaches and findings in bereavement research\, including data from a series of studies that I have conducted. Third\, and finally\, I propose a new evolutionary account of grief that integrates existing theories by disaggregating the core symptoms after the experience of bereavement into evolutionarily meaningful subtypes.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/claire-white-evolutionizing-bereavement-research-toward-an-integrated-account-of-human-grief/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130515T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130515T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T005137Z
CREATED:20200922T215817Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005137Z
UID:4255-1368576000-1368576000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Steven Stroessner - Confronting Threat When Safety Concerns are Paramount
DESCRIPTION:Steven Stroessner: Barnard College\, Columbia UniversityMotivations are generally concerned with maintaining safety (prevention) or ensuring advancement (promotion) (Regulatory focus theory; Higgins\, 1997).  Four experiments examined whether information implying imminent threat would interact with regulatory focus to affect endorsement of stereotypes and stereotype-based policies. Because threatening information is more relevant to the safety goals of prevention-focused individuals than the advancement goals of promotion-focused individuals\, endorsement of threat-relevant stereotypes was expected to increase under high threat but only for people operating under a under prevention focus. Support for this prediction was obtained in four distinct and socially important domains. In three experiments\, prevention-focused individuals made judgments and endorsed policies consistent with stereotypes when threat was perceived to be high rather than low. In a fourth experiment in which the stereotypicality of the target was manipulated\, only prevention-focused individuals were more likely to endorse scrutinizing a target stereotypically associate with danger under high threat conditions. Across the experiments\, promotion-focused individuals tended to exhibit less stereotyping under high threat\, suggesting that they were engaged in systematic processing under low regulatory fit. These results demonstrate that safety concerns produce vigilance toward threats in the social environment\, but that responses to threat vary with its perceived imminence. Threat-relevant stereotypes are utilized when safety concerns are paramount.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/steven-stroessner-confronting-threat-when-safety-concerns-are-paramount/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130520T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20130520T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T005137Z
CREATED:20200922T215718Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005137Z
UID:4233-1369008000-1369008000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Monique Borgerhoff-Mulder - Responding to Inequality: Cooperation\, Kinship and Witchcraft in Mpimbwe\, Tanzania
DESCRIPTION:Monique Borgerhoff-Mulder: University of California\, DavisWhile the causes\, transmission and consequences of material and social inequality are well studied in the social sciences\, the ways in which people respond to inequality are less clear. As evolutionary social scientists we know that humans show a strong aversion to inequality\, but we have little understanding of how individuals respond behaviourally to disparities in material\, social and relational wealth. In this talk I present data from the Pimbwe\, a Bantu forager-horticulturalist population in Tanzania undergoing rapid social change and escalating material inequality\, to show how both witchcraft accusations and social networks of exchange are patterned by wealth differences. Specifically cooperation among unrelated and related individuals is least pronounced amongst the wealthiest individuals.  This observation is used to start theorizing how inequities might favor or disfavour cooperation. A better understanding of such dynamics is important\, given the escalating levels of inequality worldwide\, consequential on the neoliberal policies associated with globalization.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/monique-borgerhoff-mulder-responding-to-inequality-cooperation-kinship-and-witchcraft-in-mpimbwe-tanzania/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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