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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20140303T000000
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DTSTAMP:20201013T005134Z
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LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005134Z
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SUMMARY:Megan Robbins - The Little Things in Life: An Observational Perspective on Everyday Coping
DESCRIPTION:Megan Robbins: UC Riverside Department of Psychology This talk discusses the potential of a novel naturalistic observation method\, the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR)\, for studying health-relevant social processes. The EAR is a portable audio recorder that periodically records snippets of ambient sounds from participants’ momentary environments. In tracking moment-to-moment ambient sounds\, it yields acoustic logs of people’s days as they naturally unfold. In sampling only a fraction of the time\, it protects participants’ privacy and makes large-scale observational studies feasible. As a naturalistic observation method\, the EAR provides an observer’s account of daily life\, which renders it optimal for studying the role of automatic expressive behaviors (e.g. sighing\, swearing\, laughing) and habitual communication processes (e.g. we-talk) in the coping context. I will first highlight findings regarding the role of sighing\, swearing\, and laughing in the coping process. Then\, I will present recent results from a study of the daily social interactions of couples coping with breast cancer.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/megan-robbins-the-little-things-in-life-an-observational-perspective-on-everyday-coping/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20140310T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20140310T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T005134Z
CREATED:20200922T215853Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005134Z
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SUMMARY:Peter Todd - Domain-specific mechanisms for decisions about food
DESCRIPTION:Peter Todd: Indiana University Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences The need to find nourishing foods is a selective pressure that may have shaped many human cognitive processes\, from perception to memory.  In this talk\, I present some of our efforts to uncover such domain-specific influences.  Hurlbert and Ling (2007) suggested that an ancestral sexual division of labor\, with foraging females seeking out ripe fruits\, could have led to a cross-cultural female preference for red hues.  We have developed a novel approach to studies of sex differences and culture differences in color preference by analyzing the hue distributions of a large database of over 20 million color photographs on Flickr taken by men and women.  While we find a general red-hue preference among women across cultures\, we cannot attribute it to food-based images.  In another study\, we have found top-down influences of hunger on perceptual categorizations of edible versus non-edible items.  Finally\, we have been testing whether memory for recently eaten foods may be designed to let individuals track and respond to items that make them sick\, leading to a forgetting pattern different from the usual decelerating decay seen in other domains.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/peter-todd-domain-specific-mechanisms-for-decisions-about-food/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20140331T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20140331T000000
DTSTAMP:20201013T005133Z
CREATED:20200922T215854Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20201013T005133Z
UID:4270-1396224000-1396224000@bec.ucla.edu
SUMMARY:Fei Xu - Towards a rational constructivist approach to cognitive development
DESCRIPTION:Fei Xu: UC Berkeley Department of Psychology\, Infant Cognition and Language LabThe study of cognitive development has often been framed in terms of the nativist/empiricist debate.  Here I present a new approach to cognitive development: rational constructivism. I will argue that learners take into account both prior knowledge and biases (learned or unlearned) as well as statistical information in the input; prior knowledge and statistical information are combined in a rational manner (captured by Bayesian probabilistic models); and there exists a set of domain-general learning mechanisms that give rise to domain-specific knowledge. Furthermore\, learners actively engage in gathering data from their environment.  I will present evidence supporting the idea that early learning is rational\, statistical\, and inferential\, and infants and young children are rational\, constructivist learners.
URL:https://bec.ucla.edu/event/fei-xu-towards-a-rational-constructivist-approach-to-cognitive-development/
CATEGORIES:Past Presentation,Presentation
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